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Homo naledi
''Homo naledi'' is an extinct species of hominin, provisionally assigned to the genus ''Homo''. Discovered in 2013 and described in 2015, fossil skeletons were found in South Africa's Gauteng province, in the Dinaledi Chamber of the Rising Star Cave system, part of the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site.〔〔 , fossils of at least fifteen individuals, amounting to 1550 specimens, have been excavated from the cave.
The species is characterized by a body mass and stature similar to small-bodied human populations, a smaller endocranial volume similar to ''Australopithecus'', and a skull shape similar to early ''Homo'' species. The skeletal anatomy presents ancestral features known from australopithecines with more recent features associated with later hominins. The fossils have not been dated.〔(Berger et al. (2015) ): "If the fossils prove to be substantially older than 2 million years, ''H. naledi'' would be the earliest example of our genus that is more than a single isolated fragment. () A date younger than 1 million years ago would demonstrate the coexistence of multiple ''Homo'' morphs in Africa, including this small-brained form, into the later periods of human evolution."〕
The fossils were discovered by recreational cavers Rick Hunter and Steven Tucker in 2013.〔〔 ''Homo naledi'' was formally described in September 2015 by a 47-member international team of authors led by American and South African paleoanthropologist Lee Berger of the University of the Witwatersrand, who proposed the bones represent a new ''Homo'' species.〔 Other experts contend more analysis and evidence is needed to support this classification. There are some indications that the individuals may have been deliberately placed in the cave near the time of their death;〔 other experts state more evidence is needed to support this hypothesis.
==Etymology==
The word ''naledi'' means "star" in the Sotho language. It was chosen to correspond to the name of the ''Dinaledi'' chamber ("chamber of stars") of the Rising Star cave system where the fossils were found.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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